高温中暑防御指南

2012-11-23

    
        
                                                  
                    
                        
                                                                                                  
                        
                        
                                                                                                      
                            
                                                                                 
                                    
                                        
                                                                                                                                                                  
                                                    
                                                        
                                                                                                                                                                                                                  
                                                        
                                                        
                                                                                                                                                                                                                      
                                                            
                                                                                                                                                                 
                                                                    
                                                                        
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  
                                                                                    
                                                                                        
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  
                                                                                        
                                                                                        
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      
                                                                                            
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             

                                                                                                                                                                    1.科学调整安排工作时间。工作时间一般不超过6小时,并暂停12时至16时高温时段工作。不能暂停12时至16时高温时段工作的,应当暂停露天工作。                                                                                                                                                         

                                                                                                                                                         

                                                                                                                                                                    2.合理补充水和无机盐。加强补水,补水方法宜少量多次。无机盐的补充以食盐为主,所补食盐主要以菜汤、咸菜或盐汽水等分配于三餐之中;也可通过食用富含无机盐的蔬菜、水果、豆类及饮料来补充。                                                                                                                                                         

                                                                                                                                                         

                                                                                                                                                                    3.多补充水溶性维生素。日常膳食调配过程中注意选择含维生素较多的食物。高温作业时应根据供给情况尽量多吃各种新鲜蔬菜和瓜果补充水和无机盐。                                                                                                                                                         

                                                                                                                                                         

                                                                                                                                                                    4.适当补充蛋白质及热能。高温环境下机体易出现负氮平衡,因此蛋白质的摄入量需适当增加,但不宜过多。                                                                                                                                                         

                                                                                                                                                         

                                                                                                                                                                    5.设法提高食欲。三餐安排在休息起床后、上班前或下班后1~2小时,以适应劳动后食欲较差的状况。饮食烹调时应注意色香味,经常变换花色品种,适当用凉拌菜,多用酸味或辛辣调味品。饭前最好喝一些菜汤以提高食欲。                                                                                                                                                         

                                                                                                                                                         

                                                                                                                                                                文章来源:重庆市卫生局网站